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In a broader perspective of cleaning, water is a very good solvent and is a major component of cleaning technology. However, there are a number of incidents where some parameters of water actually play a negative role in cleaning and hinder the process.
Water forms the most important form of the cleaning process; it removes the gross soils from various surfaces and in most cases, does 30-80% cleaning itself. However, it must be kept in mind that the composition of water changes from place-to-place and from source-to-source.
Natural pure water is very rare. Most of the time, water picks up various components from its surroundings, for example, rain water picks up the particles from the atmosphere, while river water picks up the organic and inorganic matters in it and sometimes even clays are picked up, making it look very different.
Taste or odours from water are normally due to the contents of microorganisms, minerals, presence of chlorine, hydrogen sulphide or other decomposed products. Foul smell indicates microbial contamination. This water cannot be used for cleaning. In fact it may soil the surface; already cleaned surfaces can be recontaminated if this water is used.
Presence of clays or organic matter in traces can result in turbidity in water. The smell of rotten eggs indicates presence of sulphur reducing bacteria. Many times water is seen slightly coloured due to the presence of iron or manganese.
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